| Operating
Unit / Process |
What
to Control |
Why
Is It Difficult |
Which
MFA to Use |
Boilers
Application
Sheet |
Steam temp and pressure |
Large load changes |
Robust MFA |
| Steam drum level |
Inverse-action |
3-Element Anti-delay + FF MFA |
| Combustion |
Optimal fuel-air-ratio |
SISO MFA |
Co-generation
plants
Request
white paper |
Generator speed |
Coordinated control (DEH) |
MIMO MFA |
| Steam extraction |
Multivariable (DEH) |
MIMO MFA |
Fluidized bed
boilers
Application
Sheet |
Steam pressure |
Nonlinear |
Nonlinear MFA |
| Steam temperature |
Large time delay and time-varying |
Anti-delay MFA or Time-varying MFA |
| Combustion |
Optimal fuel-air-ratio |
SISO MFA |
| Steam drum level |
Inverse-action |
3-Element Anti-delay + FF MFA |
Boiler water
Request
white paper |
Hardness |
Large time delays |
Anti-delay MFA |
| pH control |
pH and large time delays |
Anti-delay MFA pH |
Wastewater treatment
Application
Sheet |
pH Control |
Large gain changes in Log scale, large delay time |
MFA pH or Anti-delay MFA pH |
| De-sulfurization process |
pH Control |
High accuracy pH control |
MFA pH or Anti-delay MFA pH |
| Hydro plants |
Gate level |
Water level protection |
Robust MFA |
Coal ball milling
Request
white paper |
Speed and efficiency |
A combined control and optimization problem |
Anti-inverse MFA and SISO MFA |
Selective catalytic reduction
(SCR)
Request
white paper
|
Ammonia level for NOx reduction |
Large and varying time delays |
Anti-delay or Time-varying MFA |
